Week 10 – Reflection and Meal Plan

My technology course has now come to an end, which means I have finished my open inquiry project. I chose to focus on Nutrition for this inquiry as it has also been something I am interested in and wanting to know more about. Nutrition and diet have been on the rise over the last few years and with that, a lot of new diets and nutrition trends have emerged. For this inquiry, I wanted to focus on ones that I wanted to know the true benefits/ disadvantages of. A few of my topics were, the effects of sodium on your body, the effects of sugar, the effects of dairy, juice cleanses, and the keto diet. From doing weekly research on a topic, I have gained a lot of knowledge on what is the best way to fuel your body and live a healthy diet.

After all the research I have gained, I think the best diet for me personally is to not cut out any foods in particular but to eat a balanced diet. I think it is best to not limit your self because this could lead to binge-eating or eating too much of a certain food group, but instead to eat everything in moderation. I have researched a balanced meal plan and have created one that I think would be best for me (I do not have any allergies, nor am I vegetarian). I created a one-week meal plan that I am going to follow starting on Monday.

Monday 

  • Breakfast: 1 piece of whole wheat toast with 1/3 of an avocado and 1 fried egg   
  • Snack: 1 cup of blueberries 
  • Lunch: Chicken Pita Wrap – whole wheat pita stuffed with 1/2 a chicken breast, 2 tbsp hummus, cucumber and spinach 
  • Snack: 1/4 cup cashews (or any nut) 
  • Dinner: 1 serving of Salmon with pesto,  1 cup steamed green beans and 1/2 cup cooked brown rice 

Tuesday

  • Breakfast: 1 cup non-fat plain Greek yogurt with 1/2 cup raspberries, 1 1/2 tbsp almonds, and 2 tsp. honey 
  • Snack: 1 medium apple 
  • Lunch: 1 serving veggie and ham sandwich 
  • Snack: 1 protein ball 
  • Dinner: 1 chicken breast with 3/4 cup cooked quinoa salad 

Wednesday 

  • Breakfast: 1 cup bran cereal, 1 cup almond milk, and 1 banana 
  • Snack 1: Carrots and 2 tbsp. hummus 
  • Lunch: Chickpea and cucumber salad 
  • Snack: 1/2 cup blueberries and a handful of cashews 
  • Dinner: Chicken, broccoli, and pepper stir-fry with 1/2 cup cooked brown rice

Thursday 

  • Breakfast: Banana berry smoothie
  • Snack: 1 rice cake with 1 tbsp. peanut butter 
  • Lunch: 1 bowl of turkey chili 
  • Snack: 1 medium apple 
  • Dinner: Zucchini noodles with bolognese sauce 

Friday

  • Breakfast: 1 piece of whole wheat toast with 1/3 of an avocado and 1 fried egg   
  • Snack: 1 medium orange 
  • Lunch: Green salad with chicken 
  • Snack: 1/2 cucumber with 2 tbsp. hummus
  • Dinner: Tuna lettuce wraps 

Saturday 

  • Breakfast: 1/2 cup rolled oats cooked in 1 cup almond milk topped with 1/2 cup strawberries 
  • Snack: 1/4 cup mixed nuts 
  • Lunch: 1 veggie and turkey sandwich 
  • Snack: 1 banana 
  • Dinner: Penne pasta with spinach, tomatoes, and pesto

Sunday

  • Breakfast: 1 poached egg with 1 piece of whole wheat toast, and salsa
  • Snack: 1 apple with 1 tbsp. of peanut butter 
  • Lunch: Quinoa and chickpea salad 
  • Snack: 1/2 cup blueberries 
  • Dinner: 1 serving of salmon with 1/2 cup brown rice and cooked asparagus 

Overall, I am glad I had the opportunity to research this topic because I learned a lot about maintaining a healthy diet. There is a ton of resources out there to help with finding the best meal plan for you. This project has allowed me to eat well and come up with my own balanced meal plan, which I am excited to try!

 

 

 

 

Week 9 – Intermittent Fasting

Intermittent Fasting is not considered a diet, but a pattern of eating, where you eat your meals within a specific time period and then fast the rest of the time of that day(for example, eating for 8 hours a day and fasting the other 16). Another version that is not as popular but still considered intermittent fasting is eating your normal calorie intake for 5 days and then for the other 2 limiting your calorie intake to around 600 calories (depending on how many calories you consume on a normal day). This style of eating does not change what you eat it just changes when you eat. Some people say it is the best and most simple way to keep good weight on and lose the bad weight. Here is an example of an eating schedule for someone following this eating style.

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So what are the benefits of intermittent fasting?

  • A good way to get lean without going on a diet or cutting down calorie intake
  • Keeps muscle mass on (unlike some diets where you lose both muscle and fat)
  • Helps you lose fat
  • Easier than some diets since you don necessarily cut out foods

What are the disadvantages?

  • Can be not very sustainable (hard for some people to be restricted to an eating period due to their schedule)
  • You don’t know how your body will respond – for some it can lead to more health issues (people with type 2 diabetes etc.)
  • Could lead to binge eating during the time you are allowed to eat
  • Can have a negative effect on your sleep

There is a lot of evidence showing that intermittent fasting can be a healthy lifestyle and that it is effective in weight loss, however, some nutritionists suggest that the best approach is to find an eating schedule that works for them and is sustainable. This eating style is not recommended for those suffering from advanced diabetes, people who have a history with eating disorders, and those who are pregnant or breastfeeding. It is important to talk to your doctor before fasting as it can affect your health if you suffer from certain health issues.

All in all, I believe that intermittent fasting is one of the healthier ways to lose weight and to live a healthy lifestyle. I like how it is referred to as a pattern of eating instead of a diet because it makes it seem less intimidating. Of all the diets I have researched, this one is definitely one of the ones that I would consider if I were to change my eating pattern. That being said I personally would not want to be restricted to a certain time period where I can eat and I think it would be hard to maintain with my school schedule.

Thanks for reading! Stay tuned for next weeks blog post 🙂

References:

https://jamesclear.com/the-beginners-guide-to-intermittent-fasting

https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/intermittent-fasting-surprising-update-2018062914156

 

Week 8 – Keto Diet

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The Ketogenic (Keto) Diet is a diet that consists of foods that are low-carb and high fat. It involves reducing your carbohydrate intake quite significantly and replaces it with fat. Since you are reducing your carbohydrate intake it puts your body in a metabolic state, which is called ketosis. Ketosis makes your body become very efficient in its ability to burn fat for energy. A lot of research shows that this is a good diet to lose weight, because the high fat intake really fills you up, which reduces your calorie intake and in result can help you to lose weight. However, since it is still a newer diet there is still more research that needs to be done. Some people believe it is a good diet to go on for many health benefits, and others believe it is not.

So what are some of the benefits of a Keto Diet?

  • Can help for weight loss
  • Can reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes
  • May help clear skin

What are some of the disadvantages?

  • Reducing carb intake reduces your intake of essential vitamins and minerals like iron, calcium, and fiber etc.
  • “Keto Flu” which can include symptoms such as low energy levels, increased hunger, sleep problems, nausea and more

Here is a sample meal plan if you were on a Keto Diet:

  • Breakfast: Bacon, eggs, and tomatoes
  • Lunch: Chicken salad with olive oil and feta cheese
  • Dinner: Salmon with asparagus cooked in butter
  • Breakfast: Fried eggs with bacon and mushroom
  • Lunch: Burger with salsa, cheese, and guacamole
  • Dinner: Steak and eggs with a side salad

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Nutritionists and studies show that the Keto Diet can be beneficial and cause weight loss when used short-term. Most do not recommend to do it long term as carbohydrates are essential for us for energy and certain important vitamins and minerals. There is also not much information about its long-term effects yet. Like most diets, it also depends on your body type and lifestyle for if this diet would work for you. The diet that nutritionists seem to recommend the most for a healthy lifestyle is one that is balanced, unprocessed, rich in colorful fruits and vegetables, fish, whole grains, lean meats, nuts, seeds, olive oil and lots of water.

Thanks for reading and stay tuned for next weeks post about intermittent fasting 🙂

References:

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/ketogenic-diet-101#other-benefits

https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/healthy-eating/a27024/the-ketogenic-high-fat-diet-is-it-safe-and-does-it-work/

https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/ketogenic-diet-is-the-ultimate-low-carb-diet-good-for-you-2017072712089

 

 

Week 7 – Vegan Diet

vegan-90766102m.jpgVegan is a type of diet in which you abstain from using any animal products mainly for diet but also in daily life (clothing, and furniture choices). If you chose to go Vegan you are eliminating dairy, meat, eggs, and any other animal products. Your diet would consist of plant-based foods such as vegetables, grains, nuts, fruits, etc. Some people decide to go Vegan for animal welfare, others for environmental concerns, others for personal health, and others for a mix of all three reasons. It has been increasingly on the rise and more and more people are going Vegan. The number of people who are Vegan has increased by 160% over the last 10 years. The world has been adapting to this increase and change and many more Vegan restaurants have opened up making it more accessible.

So what are the benefits of going Vegan?

  • Higher in Vitamin C and fiber
  • Lower BMI (body mass index) – usually results in weight loss
  • Less saturated fat
  • Increased energy – many people who have gone Vegan have reported having an increase in their energy level
  • Lower blood pressure
  • Lower Cholesterol

What are the Disadvantages?

  • Nutrient deficiencies – miss out on certain micronutrients such as calcium, vitamin D, iron, vitamin B12, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids
  • Can be easily done wrong – since it is usually lower in calorie intake many people turn to unhealthy foods to fill that void like bread, cereal, etc.
  • Rely heavily on soy and too much soy can cause an imbalance in our hormones
  • Difficult to get enough protein
  • Can lead to undereating

The benefits and disadvantages are pretty dependent on what you eat when you are vegan. It can be a healthy choice if you do it correctly and do your research. It is important to eat plant-based foods and not to give in and eat processed foods, foods high in sugar, or overload on carbs. It is also important you do your research and make sure you are finding supplements for the essential nutrients you are missing out on. However, most nutritionists still believe the best diet does include animal products (just a limited amount) as there are many health benefits and important nutrients in these products. Since it is a new diet we need more research on Veganism to really know the effects it has on our bodies and the best way to do it.

Thanks for reading and stay tuned for next weeks post on the Keto diet 🙂

References:

https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/89/5/1627S/4596952

https://www.jamieoliver.com/news-and-features/features/vegan-diet-healthy/

http://time.com/4346551/vegan-diet-vegetarian/

 

Week 6 – Juice Cleanses

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A juice cleanse is a diet in which you only consume juices made from vegetables and fruits in an attempt at weight loss and to detoxify your body. This diet is restrictive in food groups and calorie intake. Juice cleanses usually range from 3-10 days. There is people who think they are great for you but others who are sceptical of their benefits.

So what are some of the benefits of going on a juice cleanse?

  • Gives your digestive system a rest – helps reset your gut
  • Boosts your energy – the nutrients in their natural state that juice cleanses provides creates a lasting clean energy
  • Weight loss

However, most of these benefits are for a short 3-day juice cleanse that is followed by a plant-based diet afterward. There is also not a lot of scientific proof to support these benefits – there is little evidence that it does any good for your body.

So what are the negative effects of going on a juice cleanse?

  • The weight loss makes you lose water retention – usually is a temporary weight loss and is rarely long-lasting
  • Can lead to dehydration and an imbalance of electrolytes
  • Insufficient number of calories can lead to symptoms of low blood sugar – fainting, and weakness
  • Does not offer long-term solutions for weight-loss or wellness
  • Reduces kidney function
  • Does not rid your body of toxins
  • Your body misses out on certain nutrients and vitamins such as carbohydrates, fiber, and protein
  • Low-calorie intake – makes you feel hungry, weak, and irritable
  • Since you’re not eating a well-rounded diet you may experience headaches, lightheadedness, dizziness, fatigue

Most nutritionists would suggest a balanced, healthful diet instead of a juice cleanse. There is more evidence to suggest that a juice cleanse can have a negative impact on one’s body than do any good for you. Juices containing fruits and vegetables are good for you, but you may want to balance these juices with other healthy nutrients including proteins, carbs, and fats in order for your body to function properly.

Thanks for reading and stay tuned for next week post about going Vegan!

References:

https://www.thejuicetruck.ca/blogs/news/the-science-behind-the-benefits-of-doing-a-juice-cleanse

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323136.php

https://www.food.ee/blog/the-good-and-bad-news-about-juice-cleanses/

 

 

 

Week 5 – Gluten

 

Screen-Shot-2016-07-21-at-4.43.34-PM-630x315.pngGluten is another substance that is controversial about whether it is good or bad for you. So what is gluten exactly? Gluten is a natural protein found in some grains such as wheat and barley. It holds food together and creates a stretchy like quality to food. There is a lot of negative attention towards gluten right now and many people have doubts about gluten intake for a healthy diet. I did some research to see if this is just a current fad or if there is truth to the negative talk about gluten.

To start, gluten does have a very negative effect on some people who suffer from celiac disease. Celiac disease is a condition in which when eaten will trigger an immune response which is not normal and causes a range of symptoms. Some people do not have celiac disease but have a gluten sensitivity and their bodies react negatively to gluten intake. So for those who suffer from either of these then yes gluten is not good for your diet!

What about people who are not celiac or do not have a sensitivity? Below is a list of the disadvantages of gluten.

  • May result in inflammation which can cause fatigue and bloating
  • Can lead to headaches
  • If over eaten can lead to weight gain

As you can see there are not too many negative effects of eating gluten on your body, unless you are celiac or have a sensitivity than it is important to cut out gluten.

Benefits of eating gluten:

  • Lowers rates of heart disease and strokes
  • Less risk of developing type 2 diabetes
  • A lack of gluten is associated with gastrointestinal diseases
  • A lack of gluten could lead to certain nutrient deficiencies, such as fiber, iron, and calcium (all important nutrients for your body)
  • Gives your body many important nutrients

Having gluten in your diet has many benefits and cutting it out may actually lead to more disadvantages than eating it will. Many people cut out gluten to lose weight, however, there is no evidence to show that a gluten-free diet is effective for weight loss or any other general health benefits. Currently, almost a third of Americans are avoiding their gluten intake and are buying gluten-free products, but this may actually be worse for one’s health. If eaten in moderation and in a smart way gluten is beneficial for one’s overall health. I think this shows how important it is to do your research before cutting something out of your diet.

Stay tuned for next weeks post about juice cleanses 🙂

References:

Gluten: A Benefit or Harm to the Body?

Diet Review: Gluten-Free for Weight Loss

 

 

Week 4 – Sodium

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As many people over-consume their daily amount of salt intake, sodium tends to get put in a negative light when people talk about nutrition, however, it is not all bad. You need sodium in your diet to help your body function. Although there are negative effects of consuming too much sodium. I am going to talk about what sodium does to your body both positively and negatively.

Advantages of Sodium:

  • Helps you retain water – regulates fluid levels
  • Helps regulate muscle contractions
  • Needed for blood regulation
  • The nervous system would begin to shut down if you are not getting enough sodium
  • Prevents sunstroke
  • Improves brain function

Disadvantages of Sodium:

  • Too much of it can make your blood pressure too high, which over time can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, heart attacks, strokes and can even lead to heart failure
  • Increases one’s risk of stomach cancer
  • Can cause bone-thinning, which can lead to osteoporosis

As you can see sodium has both advantages and disadvantages. It is important to be consuming sodium in moderation. Some important and healthy sources of sodium are apples, egg yolks, common salt (table salt), leafy vegetables, bananas, etc.

To conclude, sodium in moderation is required for a healthy diet, however, it does have negative effects on one’s body if you over consume it. Moderation is the key to taking in the benefits of sodium while still avoiding the effects of too much sodium. One of the easiest ways to reduce your sodium intake is to avoid processed foods. Instead, it is best to make your own meals so you can control how much sodium is going in and you can use fresh ingredients. If you are buying processed foods, make sure to read the label and look at how much sodium is in it.

Thanks for reading and stay tuned for next weeks post 🙂

References:

https://healthyeating.sfgate.com/advantages-disadvantages-sodium-nutrition-5640.html

https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/salt-and-sodium/sodium-health-risks-and-disease/

https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/minerals/sodium.html

Week 3 – Alcohol

Alcohol impacts your body from the moment you take a sip. Although having an occasional drink is not too bad for you, the cumulative effect of alcohol on one’s body can be quite large and negative. There are many health benefits you will start to notice if you do cut out alcohol.

Effects of alcohol on your body:

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  • Changes in behavior – alcohol can affect your usual behaviors
  • Heart damage – heavy and frequent drinking can lead to cardiovascular disease
  • Blackouts – alcohol can lead to blackouts, which lead to no recollection of what happened or what you did when
  • Cancer – chronic drinkers are more likely to get throat, mouth, liver or esophagus cancer
  • Liver damage – alcohol abuse can damage one’s liver
  • Alcohol abuse can lead to a dependency on it and withdrawal can be very difficult. Symptoms of withdrawal include anxiety, nausea, high blood pressure, heavy sweating, and an irregular heartbeat
  • Women who drink while pregnant put their unborn child at risk and they have a higher risk of premature delivery, miscarriage, or stillbirth
  • Binge drinking can result in severe memory loss
  • High blood pressure
  • Drinking too much weakens your immune system

Benefits of cutting alcohol out of your diet:

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  • Alcohol is a depressant so cutting it out of your diet can improve your mood
  • Promotes weight loss as many alcoholic beverages contain a lot of sugar
  • Healthier skin – alcohol creates inflammation throughout your body and skin
  • No more hangovers! – no more waking up with headaches, nausea or general sickness
  • Better for your brain – heavy drinking has extensive negative effects on your brain – can cause memory lapse and heavy drinking can lead to severe memory loss
  • Better sleep – alcohol can lead to poor nights sleep which is not healthy for your body
  • Lower your risk at getting cancer
  • Improved immune system and less likely to get sick

Nutritionists and health experts say if you do drink alcohol try and keep it to a moderate amount. Drinking in moderation may have some health benefits, however, it is not risk-free. These possible benefits do not outweigh the risks. Moderate alcohol consumption means up to one drink a day for women of all ages and two drinks a day for men age 65 or younger (for healthy adults). Examples of one drink are a 12-ounce beer, a 5 fluid ounce glass of wine, and a 1.5 fluid ounce of hard alcohol.

References:

The Benefits of Cutting out Alcohol

https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/alcohol/art-20044551

Week 2 – Dairy

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Dairy is one food in particular that has been pretty controversial if it is good for you or bad for you. Milk specifically has many alternatives, such as almond milk, cashew milk, and coconut milk for those who do cut dairy out of their diet.

So what is the effect of cutting out dairy?                                                                                         There a few negative effects that dairy can cause on one’s body. If you do cut out dairy you may feel less bloated, and less gassy. Your skin will be clearer and you will have fewer breakouts. If you are prone to headaches taking out dairy can reduce your headaches. Cutting out dairy also can result in weight loss, however, if that is your goal this is not the best way to accomplish weight loss. Lastly, dairy may promote the growth of prostate cancer cells.

What are the benefits of dairy:                                                                                                            Although there are negative effects to eating dairy, there are also many health benefits. The fat and protein in dairy help you feel full and nourished which prevents from snacking and overeating. Dairy contains probiotics, which are very good for you. Dairy is also full of vitamins and nutrients that are essential to us.

Tips on how to maintain dairy in your diet in a healthy way:                                                      If you do not want to cut dairy out, but want to be consuming it in a healthy way, then limit your portions to 2 times a day. Do not cut it out unless you have a sensitivity because you will be missing out on many important vitamins, nutrients, and probiotics. Another tip is to avoid the nonfat and low-fat versions because those take the healthy fat out and add in more sugar and sodium, which are the bigger problems.

Calcium alternatives:                                                                                                                             If you think you have a sensitivity to dairy but still want to be getting a source of calcium, here are a few options, almonds, kale, oranges, broccoli, spinach, tofu, and sesame seeds.

References:

https://thethirty.byrdie.com/is-dairy-bad-for-you

https://www.self.com/story/this-is-what-eating-dairy-actually-does-to-your-body

Thanks for reading and stay tuned to learn more about nutrition 🙂

Week 1 – Sugar

This weeks topic is going to be about the effect of sugar on one’s body. Sugar has become more and more popular in foods due to the higher percentage of processed foods available.

So, what does sugar do to your body? It has many effects! Sugar is addictive and your body starts to crave it when you eat it a lot. This addictiveness can lead to weight gain because you want to keep eating more and more. Added sugars are empty calories and they increase your hunger and make you want to keep eating, which further leads to weight gain. The tendency of sugar is it gives you a quick energy boost, however, it then causes a big drop in your energy. This can be combatted by pairing something sugary with something containing more protein. Sugar can also lead to an increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, cavities and poor dental health, premature aging, and an increased chance of depression. If you are eating small amounts of natural sugar, there is no need to worry, but you should try and reduce sugar when you can.

What are the effects of cutting added sugar out of your diet? Cutting sugar out of one’s diet can lead to weight loss, a reduced risk of heart disease, clearer skin, an increase in energy and fewer mood swings. Taking out added sugar allows your taste palette to reform and you begin to taste natural sugars more. Something like an apple or strawberries can act as your dessert for the day when you can taste these natural sugars.

All in all, sugar has many negative effects on your body, however, it is the added sugars you should try and stay away from as much as you can. Natural sugars that are in fruit are high in fiber, vitamins, and water so the negative effects are not the same, however, if your end goal is weight loss you should still be careful of how much natural sugar you are eating.

Resources:

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/too-much-sugar#section13

https://www.cnn.com/2017/06/09/health/sugar-detox-food-drayer/index.html

Stay tuned for next weeks blog on dairy!